Dear Otto is an occasional column where I answer questions from readers about teaching tech. If you have a question, please add a comment below and I’ll answer it here. For your privacy, I use only first names.

Here’s a great question I got from Barbara, a principal at a local school:

Dear Otto,

May I ask your thoughts on giving grades in Computer Class? I can’t find research on this topic.

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Anecdotally, grading tech classes is all over the board–whether teachers grade or not, and if they do–how. The short answer to this question is: It depends upon your expectations. If it’s fully integrated into the classroom, treated more as a tool than a ‘special’ class (some call them ‘exploratories’, akin to PE, Spanish, music), then you probably want to hold it rigorously to the grading scale used in the classroom. The projects created will be evidence of learning, more like summative (or formative) assessments of academic work than tech skills.

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No topic is more discussed in today’s education meetings than the impact of Artificial Intelligence–AI–on teaching and learning. Guest contributor to Ask a Tech Teacher, Tess Dodson, has fresh ideas on how to incorporate AI into your classroom in ways that are moral and principled:

Simple Ways Teachers Can Integrate AI Ethically in the Classroom

Artificial intelligence (AI) is already shaping modern education. From generating lesson ideas to helping students brainstorm essays, AI in the classroom is becoming increasingly common. For educators, this shift presents both exciting opportunities and important responsibilities. Teachers need a thoughtful approach and practical strategies to ethically integrate AI into everyday teaching.

Create Clear Guidelines for AI Use

Students are already using AI, and it is here to stay. A survey of more than 1,100 U.S. students found that 90% have used AI-driven tools in academic settings. As such, it is vital that the first step in using AI in the classroom is setting clear expectations. Students are already experimenting with AI tools, but they may not fully understand when or how to use them appropriately. Without guidance, misuse — intentional or not — becomes more likely.

Teachers should create a simple classroom policy around AI. It can include clear rules on when AI use is allowed for assignments and how students should acknowledge or cite AI use. For example, a teacher might allow AI for information gathering but not for generating final answers.  Students may also be required to include a short explanation of how the tool was used.

Strengthen Academic Integrity in an AI-Enabled Classroom

One of the main challenges of using AI in education is the concern that students may use these tools to plagiarize or cheat academically. With tools that can instantly generate essays and solve problems, it has become easier for students to submit work that is not their own. As such, teaching practices must adapt.

Teachers can take a proactive approach by clearly defining what constitutes original work. Instead of banning AI outright, educators can guide students on acceptable use. For example, AI might be allowed for outlining ideas or checking grammar, but not for producing complete work. Another effective strategy is requiring students to document their process by providing draft submissions that show revisions over time and reflection paragraphs explaining how they completed the task. (more…)

How complicated is it to make the right decisions for students, that are supported by parents, and doable in the time frame you have? The Ask a Tech Teacher team has some ideas:

The Art of Making Smarter Decisions in the Classroom

Image credit: Pexels

Every teacher makes hundreds of small and big decisions every day — which activity to start with, how to group students, or when to adjust a lesson plan. These decisions shape how well students learn and how engaged they feel. Yet many teachers admit they rely mostly on instinct and experience when making those choices.

The challenge is that classrooms change constantly. What works for one group of students may not work for another. Relying only on memory or routine can make it hard to see what truly improves learning outcomes. The good news is that smarter classroom decisions don’t depend on expensive tools or complex systems. They begin with simple habits that help teachers observe, reflect, and act on what’s actually happening in their classrooms.

Smarter decision-making is not about perfection; it’s about awareness. When teachers start to notice patterns, ask the right questions, and test small changes, they begin to understand what drives real learning. This article explores how educators can make clearer, more confident decisions using practical, everyday strategies that keep students—and their needs—at the center. (more…)

Many (most?) states now administer yearly assessments online. If students haven’t used online testing tools before, this can be a daunting task. Having computer devices as optional education tools is a massive difference from requiring students to use them for graded assessments. This can be intimidating for both students and teachers.

The good news: It doesn’t take as much time and practice as you might think to prepare. What it does require is a techie mindset, the acceptance that technology is part of the daily landscape, that it be integrated into assignments, practice, modeling, homework, assessments, projects, portfolios, grading rubrics, expectations.

There are ways to get students in shape that won’t take much out of your already-packed day.

“The future of education will be shaped by technology and educators who use technology effectively will stand out from the crowd.” – Dr. Anil Singhal

Here are strategies that will make your teaching life easier, bump up your effectiveness with students, save time complying with state standards, and prepare students effectively. As you’re in grade-level teams, planning lessons for next year, include these. They will add spice to classes, build flexible learning paths, and contribute to sustainable, transformative learning. Once you start using tech in the classroom as a tool (not a separate activity), you will find students self-selecting it when given a choice, coming up with their own ways to make tech today’s adaptive answer:

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Even before COVID burst on the scene and drove many schools into online versions of themselves, remote teaching had been gaining popularity. Driven by reasons like flexibility, personal needs, and accessibility, the positives associated with online schooling were convincing many to take a second look. The Ask a Tech Teacher team has done that with this article on–

Is Online Schooling a Good Fit for Teens?

Online education has become more than just an alternative. It’s a mainstream option for students looking for flexibility, independence, and a more personalized learning environment. For teenagers, high school is a critical time of development both academically and socially. As more families explore options like online high school in Washington state, it’s worth considering whether virtual schooling supports or hinders a teenager’s growth. (more…)

Legal Risks and Obligations for Schools Using AI Tutors

AI tutors are quickly changing how students learn, offering personalized support across different subjects and formats. But as these tools become more common in schools, serious questions about their legal impact arise. 

Who is responsible if an AI gives bad advice or shares sensitive student data? What happens when these systems enter specialized areas like medical training or behavioral support? 

Many educators and administrators feel unprepared to manage these legal and ethical challenges effectively. Schools must now balance innovation with compliance, oversight, and long-term accountability. 

This article will explore the legal risks and obligations schools face when integrating AI tutors into education. (more…)

Blending Montessori and Technology: Finding the Right Balance in Early Childhood Education

These days, it seems that all toddlers master how to swipe across a screen before they learn to tie their shoes. Technology is everywhere and is not leaving anytime soon. For parents and educators who follow or are interested in the Montessori approach, which emphasizes hands-on activity, self directed learning, and natural curiosity, this article will come in handy. Can the Montessori ideology and technology coexist? Is it possible for children to continue using tablets, phones, etc. without losing that tangible, earthy learning process?

The quick answer is yes. But it takes thoughtfulness, balance, and a profound grasp of why Montessori works in the first place.

What Montessori Is Really About

First and foremost, we must understand a bit more about the Montessori approach and where its heart is. Dr. Maria Montessori’s belief was in child-directed learning. Rather than being told what to learn and how to do it, children find out about their world through materials that are fashioned to meet their needs at various levels of development.

Montessori materials, most commonly known as Montessori toys, are hands-on tools used in many Montessori classrooms. These tools are not noisy or flashy, most of the time these are materials made of wood. They’re meant to help develop fine motor skills, improve concentration, problem solving skills, and help a child be self sufficient. While these materials can be entertaining, that is more of a bonus than their main purpose. For example a knobbed cylinder or a bead chain, each material has a unique function that guides a child to master a skill through repetition and exploration.

Technology should compliment and never replace these moments of learning. (more…)

Homeschooling Awareness Month is celebrated annually in May to promote the benefits of homeschooling and educate the public about this viable educational option. It has been recognized since around 2010, gaining traction in the 1970s. The initiative highlights how homeschooling allows for personalized education, flexibility, and parental involvement in a child’s learning, often leading to well-rounded development. Key points include:

• Purpose: to dispel myths (i.e., homeschoolers lack socialization or academic rigor) and showcase advantages like customized curricula, flexible schedules, and the ability to teach life skills (i.e., budgeting, cooking). It also connects homeschooling families and raises awareness about available resources.
• Activities: Families and organizations are encouraged to share their homeschooling experiences on social media using hashtags like #HomeschoolAwarenessMonth. Many groups offer free resources like webinars, curriculum discounts, or local meetups.
• Benefits: Homeschooling promotes learning in diverse settings (libraries, museums, parks), fosters hands-on experiences, and avoids the one-size-fits-all approach of traditional schools. It’s also noted for safety, especially in addressing concerns like bullying.

Why is homeschooling important (more…)

Something broke in American education these past years. Too many students don’t reach grade-level metrics and no one can agree on the cause. I went out to our international contributors for ideas. They had a lot, but this one I thought I’d cover first:

Is the Traditional Classroom Becoming Obsolete?

You might argue that the traditional classroom still plays an essential role in education, but the rapid growth of online and hybrid models suggests otherwise. As students increasingly seek flexible and interactive learning experiences, the conventional approach may not meet their needs any longer. This shift raises critical questions about the future of education: How will teachers adapt their roles? What innovations might redefine the learning environment? Understanding these dynamics could reshape your perspective on what effective education looks like today.

The Rise of Online Learning

Online learning has increasingly become a staple in education, with studies showing that over 30% of students now prefer it over traditional classroom settings. This shift raises questions about the efficacy and long-term viability of conventional education methods. You might wonder why this preference exists. Data indicates that online learning offers flexibility that traditional classrooms often can’t match.

Students can learn at their own pace, tailoring the experience to their unique needs, which can enhance engagement and retention.

However, you should also consider the challenges that accompany this rise. Not all online platforms deliver quality education, and the lack of face-to-face interaction can hinder social development and collaborative skills. Reports highlight that many students struggle with self-discipline in an online environment, leading to higher dropout rates compared to traditional settings.

Moreover, issues like digital divide—where not all students have equal access to technology—raise concerns about equity in education.

Ultimately, while online learning’s popularity is undeniable, it’s essential to analyze its limitations and implications critically. As you explore this educational landscape, understanding both the advantages and drawbacks will be vital in determining the future of learning. (more…)

Integrating Technology in Education for Modern Classrooms

Embracing technology is crucial for modern educators aiming to enhance their teaching methodologies and foster student engagement. In today’s classrooms, technology serves not just as a tool but as an essential part of the learning environment. Understanding its role and potential can transform traditional teaching into an interactive and efficient experience.

The integration of technology into education is not merely a trend but a necessity in our rapidly advancing world. As an educator, leveraging technological tools can significantly enrich your teaching methods and student interactions. Various platforms such as Canvas, AI-driven applications, and PowerPoint have become staples in classrooms, facilitating diverse and dynamic learning experiences. By understanding and utilizing these resources, you can create a more engaging educational environment that caters to various learning styles. An online electrical and computer engineering degree can equip educators with the necessary skills to effectively implement these technologies in their teaching practices. (more…)