Category: Education reform

11 Ways to be an Inquiry-based Teacher

It’s hard to run an inquiry-based classroom. Don’t go into this teaching style thinking all you do is ask questions and observe answers. You have to listen with all of your senses, pause and respond to what you heard (not what you wanted to hear), keep your eye on the Big Ideas while stepping in when needed, aside when required. You aren’t a Teacher, rather a guide. You and the class find your way from question to knowledge together.

Because everyone learns differently.

You don’t use a textbook. Sure, it’s a map, showing how to get from here to there, but that’s the problem. It dictates how to get ‘there’. For an inquiry-based classroom, you may know where you’re going, but not quite how you’ll get there and that’s a good thing. You are no longer your mother’s teacher who stood in front of rows of students and pointed to the blackboard. You operate well outside your teaching comfort zone as you try out the flipped classroom and the gamification of education and are thrilled with the results.

And then there’s the issue of assessment. What your students have accomplished can’t neatly be summed up by a multiple choice test. When you review what you thought would assess learning (back when you designed the unit), none measure the organic conversations the class had about deep subjects, the risk-taking they engaged in to arrive at answers, the authentic knowledge transfer that popped up independently of your class time. You realize you must open your mind to learning that occurred that you never taught–never saw coming in the weeks you stood amongst your students guiding their education.

Let me digress. I visited the Soviet Union (back when it was a nation) and dropped in on a classroom where students were inculcated with how things must be done. It was a polite, respectful, ordered experience, but without cerebral energy, replete of enthusiasm for the joy of learning, and lacking the wow factor of students independently figuring out how to do something. Seeing the end of that powerful nation, I arrived at different conclusions than the politicians and the economists. I saw a nation starved for creativity. Without that ethereal trait, learning didn’t transfer. Without transfer, life required increasingly more scaffolding and prompting until it collapsed in on itself like a hollowed out orange.

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How can schools detect your AI writing?

How do schools detect AI in student writing? It’s easier than it used to be. So what can students do to ensure their writing is assisted by AI, not written by it? The Ask a Tech Teacher team explains:

How can schools detect your AI writing?

If a teacher questions whether you used AI, a detector score may be only part of the concern. They may also ask about a source you cited or why your essay sounds different from your classroom work. Knowing what schools look for can help you review an assignment before you submit it.

This guide explains those checks and walks through a practical editing process: assess the draft, rebuild weak arguments from your notes, then work on wording and grammar. Writing tools can help with specific tasks along the way. Check your teacher’s rules first, since permission to correct spelling does not necessarily include permission to rewrite whole paragraphs. (more…)

What is a Growth Mindset?

This is an update to a popular article from last year, to prepare you for the new school year. I think you’ll find it an interesting alternative to traditional teaching strategies:

It’s no secret many parents are frustrated with public schools. Are kids learning to think or just to pass tests? Are they spending classroom time wisely or just doing what’s always been done? Are we developing lifelong learners or simply kids who can’t wait to graduate?

If this describes you, you’re not alone in your concerns, but there’s hope. Consider a pedagogy that transcends rote memorization and the stock drills often found in today’s classrooms, one that expects critical thinking and teaches how to learn anything — not just school subjects. It’s called a “Growth Mindset”. In a 2016 Edsurge article by Rupa Gupta, former Redesign Administrator at Burnett Middle School in San Jose, Calif., she summarized the issue like this:

“In a recent national survey, 97 percent of teachers agreed that all students can and should have a growth mindset, and that same number said fostering a growth mindset is an important part of a teacher’s job. Yet only 50 percent said they have adequate solutions and strategies to shift mindset.”

So nearly everyone agrees this type of cerebral approach is important to real learning but few know how to make it happen.

Fast forward ten years. Here’s an article from Stanford discussing why it works and why you should try it. Their summation :

“Research has shown that when students have a growth mindset, they are more likely to challenge themselves, believe that they can achieve more, and become stronger, more resilient and creative problem solvers. Educators can have an enormous impact on the mindset of their students.”

Let’s review the basics:

What is Growth Mindset?

Let me back up a moment and define “Growth Mindset” more clearly. Most people believe basic human qualities like intelligence and talent are fixed traits: nature supersedes nurture. Kids are born with the characteristics that will mold their future. They are good at math or they aren’t. They can throw a football well or not. As kids grow, they figure out what they can and can’t do and adjust learning and life as needed to these truths. They come to believe that understanding and adapting to this process equates to success.

In a Growth Mindset, people believe ability can be developed through dedication and hard work. The cerebral and physical traits they were born with are just the starting point. Students are responsible for setting the patterns and strategies that allow them to succeed, by evaluating what they can do at any given point and making a plan for learning everything else.

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How Is Technology Changing the Way English Is Taught?

Technology has been changing learning for over a decade. The Ask a Tech Teacher team has insights into what that means in the teaching of English:

How Is Technology Changing the Way English Is Taught?

Technology has always been crucial when it comes to the field of education, but it has never before had such an impact on the way in which English is taught and learned than it has today. Virtual classrooms, instant feedback, and AI tools are all helping teachers to deliver more effective lessons while simultaneously supporting students in their learning journeys.

Online classes have been around for a while, but the Covid-19 pandemic really brought their potential to the fore. As internet use has become more accessible across the globe and Wi-Fi is now more reliable, the latest technology is rapidly changing the way English is taught in countries all over the world. From artificial intelligence to mobile apps and online learning spaces, cutting-edge tech is making an enormous difference for educators and learners alike.

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How Technology Is Changing Social Work Education and Practice

Here’s the last in our series addressing topics of college education–its importance in today’s changing work environment, how it translates to success in the classroom, and more. From the Ask a Tech Teacher team: “How Technology is Changing Social Work Education and Practice”:

If you’re interested in helping people and also paying attention to how technology keeps changing school and work, social work sits at an interesting crossroads. Classrooms are more digital, client needs are more complex, and communities expect faster support with fewer barriers. That mix has changed how social workers train, communicate, and solve problems. If you’re thinking about this field, it helps to see where compassion meets data, apps, policy, and real human messiness.

Source: Pexels

Social work no longer happens only in face-to-face settings

You might picture social work as something that happens in an office, a school hallway, or a hospital waiting room. Those spaces still matter, but the field has widened.

Many social workers now meet clients through telehealth platforms, secure messaging systems, and digital case management tools. A teen dealing with anxiety, for example, may talk with a school social worker online after missing class for days. A parent juggling two jobs may complete intake forms on a phone during a lunch break.

That shift creates more access, but it also brings new complications. Privacy rules, internet reliability, and digital literacy can shape whether someone actually gets help. Technology can open the door, though it doesn’t magically solve what happens once you walk through it.

Training for the field now includes digital fluency

If you’re exploring social work as a career, your education will likely go beyond counseling theories and policy analysis. Programs increasingly include training on teletherapy ethics, electronic records, online collaboration, and digital outreach.

That matters because employers want graduates who can handle real workplace systems without staring at a dashboard like it’s alien technology. Hospitals, nonprofits, schools, and government agencies often rely on software for scheduling, documentation, referrals, and reporting.

When you compare social work masters programs, look at how each prepares you for modern practice. Strong programs usually connect clinical skills with current tools, field placements, and community-based problem solving. Compassion still drives the work, but technical confidence keeps the engine running.

Data has become part of how you measure impact

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From Reform Policy to Classroom Practice: How Education Leaders Can Make Change Work

Here’s the second in our series addressing college education topics–its importance in today’s changing work environment, how it translates to success in the classroom, and more. From the Ask a Tech Teacher team: “From Reform Policy to Classroom Practice: How Education Leaders Can Make Change Work”:

School reform often begins with ambitious language: improve achievement, modernize instruction, close learning gaps, make classrooms more inclusive. The difficult part comes afterward. Administrators have to translate those goals into decisions about teaching, assessment, technology, staffing, and resources without creating another initiative that disappears after a few semesters. Effective educational administration therefore requires more than managing schools. Leaders need to understand how instructional systems work and how thoughtful reform can move from policy documents into everyday classroom practice.

Source: Pexels

Connect Administrative Decisions With What Students Actually Learn

Administrators can easily become separated from the instructional consequences of their decisions. Budgets, staffing, compliance, schedules, and reporting demand attention, yet changes in those areas eventually affect what teachers can do with students.

Understanding curriculum design gives education leaders a way to examine that connection systematically. Youngstown State University addresses these skills through its fully online M.S.Ed. Teacher Education – Curriculum and Instruction – Digital Teaching and Learning program, which is designed for working professionals. Its approach emphasizes practical application and covers curriculum design models, technology integration, student-centered strategies, assessment, and the alignment of learning objectives with instruction.
For administrators, that knowledge can make reform decisions more grounded. A new instructional policy is easier to evaluate when leaders understand how objectives, classroom activities, and assessments fit together. (more…)

How Behaviorism Can Turn Your Classroom Around

I first ran into Behaviorism in child psychology classes I took for my Early Childhood Education credential (ECE). It was developed by a renowned psychologist named John B. Watson and formed into the Theory of Behaviorism by another famous psychologist, B.F. Skinner. The technical definition they provide is:

“…scientific and objective methods of investigation concerned with observable stimulus-response behaviors; all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment.”

They used the infamous example of Pavlov’s Dogs. No surprise, with this gobbledegook definition that used dog training as the example, I laughed, rejected it, and forgot it.

Fast forward a decade, to a time I was studying for my teaching credential. One of my classes reviewed education pedagogies such as Purpose-driven Learning, the Socratic Method, Depth of Knowledge, Unschooling, and Behaviorism. Applied to education, Behaviorism focuses on:

“… conditioning student behavior with various types of reinforcements and consequences…”

I still cringe at words like “conditioning” and “consequences”, but in the fullness of the class, I came to understand that whether teachers know it or not, they use Behaviorism as an effective, reliable teaching tool. I’ll get back to that later but first, I want to deconstruct how a theory that started with training dogs is now a cornerstone in education pedagogy.

Note: I have posted about this before. If it sounds familiar, that’s why.

What is Behaviorism in Education?

Behaviorism in the classroom revolves around observable measurable behaviors. This is actions, not thoughts or feelings. Since its introduction to education in the 1950’s, it has become a teacher’s best friend in helping her/him to define classroom behaviors that shape order and enhance learning. It establishes boundaries for students, provides expectations that they can rely on, and offers a reliable way to self-assess student achievement of class goals:

According to Skinner, behavior is a learned response reinforced by the consequences resulting from that behavior. For instance, if students are rewarded for doing extra work, they’re more likely to repeat that behavior.

It accomplishes much of what B.F. Skinner predicted when he suggested it as an effective methodology for revolutionizing an education system that didn’t seem to work anymore. It has become popular in education theory by other names such as PBIS (Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports) and through the use of apps like Too Noisy or Hero K12.

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Why use Behaviorism Strategies in Teaching?

The short answer is, for many, Behaviorism works. Because of its clear guidelines and easy-to-understand cause-and-effect relationships, it improves student performance and discourages classroom behavior that interferes with education goals. It manages to quantify responses to notoriously subjective issues (like the student who needs to entertain classmates) and encourages objective and measurable metrics that provide a win-win in the difficult area of student assessment. Students appreciate an even-handed approach which favors no one and everyone at the same time. Teachers appreciate an unbiased framework that is defensible when discussing issues with parents, grade-level team members, and/or administrators. When stringently applied in an objective manner, students get more out of class lessons, get better grades, and classroom behavior is more conducive to everyone’s learning.

So, if you’ve tried other classroom management strategies to no avail, try this one for three months. In many cases, it will be exactly what you need.

How to use it

The application of Behaviorism relies on observable behavior, nothing else. It rewards the positive, punishes the negative, and in that way shapes student actions. It’s unbiased, without opinion, must be consistently enforced, and can’t be influenced by thoughts or emotions. Most teachers already use this strategy and appreciate the results without even knowing that’s what they’re doing. For example, when they thank students for sitting down quickly upon entering class or for starting a warm-up activity without being told to, the teacher is using a behavioral strategy. When homework is assigned with the expectation that students will return to class the next day with it completed, teachers are training student learning behavior. If your school uses positive reinforcement tools like Class Dojo, Empatico, Hero K12, or Sown to Grow, they are acknowledging the effectiveness in education ecosystems of Skinner’s Behaviorism.

There are four types of reinforcement:

  1. Positive reinforcement concentrates on applauding good behavior
  2. Negative reinforcement punishes the unacceptable
  3. Presentation punishment applies a negative outcome in response to a behavior that is not desired
  4. Removal reinforcement simply eliminates the negative stimuli.

Each of these can be equally effective in helping students achieve their learning goals.

How you already use it

Here are ways you already use it without thinking about it:

  • grading papers and then accumulating the grades for a summative report (such as report cards)
  • keeping kids in class instead of releasing them to recess to give them time to finish work they didn’t do
  • providing treats for right answers
  • applying consequences for the use of cellphones in class when they aren’t allowed
  • setting classroom rules at the beginning of the school year
  • using award systems like Classroom Dojo or Hero K12
  • awarding badges for achievements and/or the completion of specific skills, tasks, or units
  • timing a test or another classroom activity, expecting students to complete the task within the time parameters
  • providing rubrics that spell out expectations for a project
  • modeling appropriate behavior as an encouragement for students to do the same
  • sharing samples of projects students will be completing as examples of what you expect
  • expecting students who are late for class to get notes from parents or a teacher before being admitted to class
  • expecting student athletes to maintain a C average (or whatever your school requires) to participate in sports

You can start the application of Behaviorism by applauding good behavior but include evidence to support it as well as making clear your willingness to use logical consequences that don’t embarrass the student if behavior is unacceptable.

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Conclusion

Applying Behaviorism to your classes could be one of the easiest changes you make to your classroom management with the greatest chance for success. I’d love to hear your experiences with this pedagogy.

Here’s the list of articles:

Constructivism

Depth of Knowledge (DoK)

Flipped Classroom

Frayer Model

Growth Mindset

Habits of Mind

Inquiry-based Teaching

Mastery-based Learning

Morning Meeting

Orton-Gillingham

Personalized Learning

Project-based Learning (PBL)

Purpose-driven Learning

SAMR Model

Socratic Method

Standards-based Grading

Understanding By Design

Unschool

VARK model

Visible Learning

Whole Brain Teaching


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Jacqui Murray has been teaching K-18 technology for 30 years. She is the editor/author of over a hundred tech ed resources including a K-12 technology curriculum, K-8 keyboard curriculum, K-8 Digital Citizenship curriculum. She is an adjunct professor in tech ed, Master Teacher, freelance journalist on tech ed topics, and author of the tech thrillers, To Hunt a Sub and Twenty-four Days. You can find her resources at Structured Learning.

What is Constructivism and How Does it Fit Your Class?

Constructivism is a student-centered philosophy that emphasizes hands-on learning and active participation in lessons. Constructivists believe that learning is an active process so the most effective way to learn is through discovery. New information is blended into prior knowledge. Learning is constructed, not acquired, and is based on the fullness of a person’s individual lifetime of learning. It is continuously tested as new ideas are added, either causing long-held beliefs to evolve or be replaced.

Constructivism is not a pedagogy or a theory. It is a mindset — a way of thinking used to guide learners.

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The Homework Loop I Built With Claude Code So My Students Never Wait for Feedback

I love sharing the personal experiences of educators. We all do things differently, in good ways, providing lots of options for diversity among students who don’t get the first or second way we teach a lesson. Brandon Collis, electrical engineer turned private tutor, founder of ClassQuill (https://classquill.com) has ideas on tutoring using AI.

The Homework Loop I Built With Claude Code So My Students Never Wait for Feedback

There’s a specific kind of frustration in tutoring that never shows up in the marketing material: a student sits a test on a Tuesday, gets it back on Thursday, and doesn’t see me again until the following Tuesday. Whatever they got wrong has had a full week to calcify into a bad habit before we even talk about it. Multiply that by twenty students and the gap between “made a mistake” and “someone addressed it” becomes the real bottleneck in how fast anyone improves — not talent, not effort, just timing.

So I built a way to close that gap without it costing me any extra time. I hand Claude Code a student’s test — marked or unmarked, I never touch an answer sheet either way — along with the worked solutions, and it reads both, marks anything I haven’t already marked myself, and tells me exactly what kind of mistake each wrong answer was — a simple slip, the wrong method applied, or a concept they haven’t actually grasped yet. From there it writes a fresh set of practice questions targeting those specific gaps. The real value isn’t faster marking. It’s walking into every session already knowing exactly where a student is weak, with tailored material waiting, without me having spent an hour figuring that out myself.

I built this as a small automated loop out of tools I already had open every day. No custom software, no developer team — just Claude Code pointed at a folder.

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How to Choose (and Test) Tutoring Software Before You Buy

In the United States, the number of private tutoring centers more than tripled between 1997 and 2022, while the global private tutoring market has grown into a massive industry valued at tens of billions. Key drivers include pandemic-related learning loss, intense academic competition, rising parental expectations, and the convenience of online platforms that make personalized help accessible from home. That last–looking for quality tutoring services online–is what we’ll focus on today. It reflects a broader shift toward personalized education in a competitive world. Ask a Tech Teacher has ideas on how to choose the best tutoring software for your needs:

How to Choose (and Test) Tutoring Software Before You Buy

Education tutoring offers personalized learning, helping students progress at their own pace and address performance gaps. However, the right technology is essential to deliver that support efficiently. Before committing to a platform, educators should focus on several key factors to ensure the long-term success of their tutoring program. (more…)